spring cloud系列笔记-05 Zuul

在Spring Cloud微服务系统中，一种常见的负载均衡方式是，客户端的请求首先经过负载均衡（zuul、Ngnix），再到达服务网关（zuul集群），然后再到具体的服。，服务统一注册到高可用的服务注册中心集群，服务的所有的配置文件由配置服务管理（下一篇文章讲述），配置服务的配置文件放在git仓库，方便开发人员随时改配置。

简介

Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能是微服务的一部分，比如／api/user转发到到user服务，/api/shop转发到到shop服务。zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能。

项目搭建

1. pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>learncloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>tk.amrom</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
    <description>zuul网关</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

1. application.yml

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
  port: 8769
spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul
zuul:
  routes:
    api-a:
      path: /api-a/**
      serviceID: service-ribbon
    api-b:
      path: /api-b/**
      serviceID: service-feign

1. ZuulApplication.java

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class,args);
    }
}

1. MyFilter.java

public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
    @Override
    public String filterType() {
        return "pre";
    }

    @Override
    public int filterOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldFilter() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Object run() throws ZuulException {
        RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
        HttpServletRequest request = context.getRequest();
        log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
        Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
        if(accessToken == null) {
            log.warn("token is empty");
            context.setSendZuulResponse(false);
            context.setResponseStatusCode(401);
            try {
                context.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
            }catch (Exception e){}

            return null;
        }
        log.info("ok");
        return null;
    }
}

总结：zuul用于路由转发，功能类似于centos 上的firealld端口转发功能，并且可以针对用户请求进行过滤等操作。